Friday, September 9, 2022

Shva vs. Kamatz?

In this week’s Parsha, the pasuk states (Devarim 24:6),

"לא יחבל רחים ורכב וגו'"

Tosefos discuss how there are actually two separate prohibitions, one for the רחים and one for the רכב. In the course of their discussion Tosefos mention that there was a possibility that some opinions could have thought that there was actually only one prohibition for the two, but since ורכב is written with a חטף it shows that these words are somewhat separated and are to be considered as two independent prohibitions. (Tosefos Menachos 58b) The Yaavetz mentions that Tosefos are referring to the lack of a שוא when they say חטף. (Yaavetz Menachos 58b)

The Rashash questions Tosefos’ assertion based on Targum Lashon Ivri (chapter 34). The rule as mentioned there, is that when the trop under the last word of a list of two or more items has a hard pause then the ו takes a קמץ instead. Based on this rule the lack of a שוא is not something that connotes a separation in our pasuk since וָרָכֶב clearly has an esnachta beneath it. Rather, it shows that the items are separated and that this is the last of the list. (Rashash Bava Metziah 115b)

I was wondering if one could possibly answer on Tosefos’ behalf that even though linguistically the pasuk does not demonstrate that two as being separate, on a level of drush one can see that they are. The Torah was given with an esnachta in this place instead of another trop formulation from the pasuk. The pronunciation conjures up the idea of the words being separate even if the actual reading does not mean that. Therefore, one can assume the words have a level of separation to the point that they can be considered independent prohibitions.

3 comments:

elie said...

במקומות האלה יש וי"ו החיבור בקמץ אע"פ שאינו בטעם מפסיק
לצורך הבדיקה השתמשתי רק במרכא ובדרגא
1. בראשית ג,כב: 2. בראשית יג,יד: 3. בראשית מה,כג: 4. ויקרא ט,ג: 5. יהושע טו,נה: 6. יהושע יט,כה: 7. ירמיהו מח,ג: 8. יחזקאל כ,יא: 9. יואל ד,יא: 10. תהלים כה,כא: 11. תהלים קיב,ג:

ELIE said...

יש מנהג משונה לקרוא את המלה יעבץ
את העי"ן בחטף פתח ואת הבי"ת ללא דגש
השם הזה במקרא הוא יַעְבֵּץ
גם אנשים שזה השם שלהם
מתעקשים משום מה לקרוא אותו בטעות
YAAVETS

Jonathan Katz said...

Rather than "when the trop under the last word of a list of two or more items has a hard pause then the vav takes a kamatz instead," I think the rule is more like as "when the last word of a list of two or more items has an accent on the first syllable then the vav takes a kamatz instead."